The Main Causes And Effects On The Arab Spring - 1086 Words

Discuss the key causes and effects 2011 Arabic spring In late 2010, a tidal wave of uprisings and protests in various parts of the Arab world emerged. It began with the Tunisian revolution when the martyr Mahmoud Bouazizi set fire to himself as a result of the deteriorating economic and social. This led to protests and demonstrations that ended with the fall of the ruling regime. In Tunisia which sparked the beginning of revolutions in many Arab countries, this is known as an Arab Spring. The question remains what are the real reasons that led to the Arab Spring and its effects? the causes of the Arabic spring May be varied, depending on the places, however the reasons can be a corruption in economic policies and demand social justice as the key motives and protests in the Arab world. This essay will discuss the most important reasons, and the effects of what is known as the Arab Spring. Civil, economic and social human rights violations were the main reasons behind the outbreak of popular revolutions in the Arab countries. According to Robbins and Jamal (2015) â€Å"The protests associated with the Arab Spring largely centered on issues related to social justice. Demonstrators called for economic, political and human rights, including governments that held to account those who violated these principles.† The people of the Arab Spring were disappointed and frustrated by the social suffering and economic lies. The poor governance, and the monopoly of a wealthy group ofShow MoreRelatedThe Arab Spring And The Middle East1511 Words   |  7 PagesThe Arab Spring refers to the revolts that arose independently and spread through the Arab country in 2011. The origin of these uprisings was in Tunisia late in the year 2010 and spread to other nations in the Arab world like Egypt, Libya, Syria, and Yemen. The Middle East commonly considered to be the hot-spot for ten sions and instabilities. The Arab spring increased the level of tension in the states with several implications on the region’s security. The events of the Arab Spring lasted for threeRead MoreThe United States And The Eu943 Words   |  4 PagesUnited States and the EU had some similar goals in terms of their dealings with Arab countries and specifically those involved with the Arab Spring, one particular goal being the spread of democracy. With the United States not being direct neighbours with these Arab states, they also have some goals that differ to those of the European Union. Their involvement with the Middle East over the past century is rooted in two main sources, according to Kitchen (2012). One, is â€Å"a hegemonic interest in secureRead MoreThe Arab Spring1286 Words   |  5 PagesThe Arab Spring is a new term tossed in December 2010, and it covers all kinds of riots, demonstrations and civil wars recently going on in the Arab world. The Arab Spring has estab lished; the power social media can have when applied in social and political scenario. In just a short period of three years, there were changed regimes in four Arab countries (Tunisia, Egypt, Libya and Yemen). There were protests and demonstrations in other Arab countries like Bahrain, Syria, Algeria, Iraq, Jordon, KuwaitRead MoreToo Soon to Tell: An Examination of the ‘Arab Spring’ and its Impact on Israel1437 Words   |  6 Pagesof Tunisia to the entire Arab world. Israel, as the only democracy in the area, has very delicate relationships with many of the countries involved. With the Muslim Brotherhood coming into power in Egypt, the possibility of the decades long treaty with Israel coming to a violent end is more threatening than ever. This leads us to consider the danger of other ideologically like-minded groups continuing to surround Israel. On the surface, it may seem as if the Arab Spring is very bad news for IsraelRead MoreUnderstanding the Arab Spring1050 Words   |  5 Pageswidespread event was known as â€Å"the Arab Spring† and empowered other people in Arab countries who were not satisfied with their sociopolitical standings to revolt against government regimes. This surprising event unfolded in the world arena, which drew attention on an international level. Consequently, it became widely debated by political science scholars, and was the main point of discussion in the Kenneth Pollack’s work. The Arab Spring was attributed to cause internal crises in many Middle EastRead MoreArab Spring and the French Revolution1272 Words   |  6 PagesFrench Revolution and the Arab Spring Essay Essay Prompt: To what extent does the French Revolution reflect the recent conflicts seen within the Arab Spring? Note: Consider the following themes: * Short-term and long-term causes * Popular Revolts * Voice of the People – leaders, writings, media and symbols * Shifts in Power * International Interventions * Religious Repercussions Research links/News Articles: Middle East Region - http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0Read MoreThe Arab Spring in Egypt1200 Words   |  5 Pages　　The Arab Spring is an extremely prominent issue today. This refers to the series of protests and civil wars that have been occurring in the Arab World due to discontent with government, human rights violations, poverty, and other factors. Countries where this is an issue include Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Bahrain, Syria, Algeria, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco, and Sudan. One of the countries hit hardest by the revolution was Egypt. 　　What is often called â€Å"the spark that started it all,† occurredRead MoreWhy and How Arab Spring Became Successful? Essay1702 Words   |  7 PagesWhy and How Arab Spring Became Successful ? The progress of Tunisian Revolution started with a police officer’s knocking Fadiye Hamdi and seizing his bench and then Muhammed Buazizi, who is an Tunisian young man, burning himself and die in the hospital. The groups that attended to the funeral of Buazizi protested the regime and Zeynel Abidin, who stayed inefficient to had to resign after the many deaths resulted from conflict. Zeynel Abidin’s leaving the country caused theRead MoreThe Arab Spring in Egypt1012 Words   |  5 Pages　　Another prominent cause of the Arab Spring in Egypt was the corruption in the government run by Mubarak. One of the best examples of Mubarak’s corruption was the use of emergency law. For his entire almost 30-year reign, Mubarak ruled through emergency law. Under emergency law, Mubarak could censor all publications, search and tap phone, mail, and Internet use, and arrest people without a trial, or through secret trials. (Tristam, 2013) All political meetings also had to be preapproved by him beforeRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On Arab Countries1434 Words   |  6 Pagessocial causes and political campaigns, civic participation and interaction between individuals (Scott Jacka, 2011). However, there has been a criticism of the rise in social media, these critics suggest that it needs to be controlled and there should be heave censorship. Nevertheless, despite these conflicting views the social media has contributed to a revolution in the Arab countries by developing the economic growth. This essay aims to explore and examine the use of social media in Arab countries

Thailand Culture Free Essays

FULBRIGHTER’S INTRODUCTION TO THAILAND: ? ADVICE AND COMMENTARY Text: Scott McNabb, College of Education, The University of Iowa ? Commentary: Porntip Kanjananiyot, Executive Director,? Thailand-U. S. Educational Foundation (Fulbright) The following essay has been written to provide orientation thoughts for American scholars who are embarking on a Fulbright assignment in Thailand. We will write a custom essay sample on Thailand Culture or any similar topic only for you Order Now I hope that it will provide insights that will help Fulbrighters to understand, appreciate, and engage fully with their academic colleagues and other Thais they will encounter. It is not meant only as a â€Å"survival† guide; our hopes are far greater than that. It is written to help individuals maximize the cross-cultural gift that they have been given—to live and work among the Thai people for a significant period of time. This essay is based on my 19 trips to Thailand which span the period 1968 to 2011, from Peace Corps teaching at Thammasat University through two Fulbrights and multiple other teaching, evaluation and research trips. I have taught International Education and qualitative research classes at The University of Iowa since 1979. In this essay, I will indulge in the kind of generalizations I never allow my students to make. In my classes, I encourage my students to think tentatively and carefully about cross-cultural issues, and make few if any broad conclusions. Here, in the interests of encouraging discussion and giving usable advice, I will risk making general comments about Thai culture. This essay, then, is written less as an academic piece than as a kind of user’s manual. I have asked my colleague and friend Porntip Kanjananiyot to provide commentary from her perspective of being deeply engaged in Thai-American educational exchange work for a number of years. Porntip is currently the Executive Director of the Fulbright program in Thailand. We hope that our discussion back and forth will provide additional insights. ?This article includes advice on language learning, behavior to help you en gage in Thai culture, and some responses to issues that you may well encounter with your Thai colleagues and other Thais whom you get to know. ?Opening Advice and Questions? In general, the more â€Å"out there† you can be—learning the language, trying all kinds of food, engaging with all kinds of people (monks, market people, academics, and so on), learning to joke Thai-style (including making jokes about yourself), taking unwarranted compliments without resisting them too much, and so on—the more you will learn about and appreciate various aspects of the â€Å"Thai view of the world. † The â€Å"authentic† Thailand is surprisingly close physically to the â€Å"tourist† Thailand—it’s just under a bridge or around a corner or down an alley where tourists typically don’ venture. . . r it’s on full display before most tourists typically wake up, like watching the monks make their early morning rounds. Within a relatively short walk from Khaosan Road, the backpacker mecca in Bangkok, there are amulet markets near Thammasat University that are rarely visited by foreigners, where one can ve nture deeply into the spiritual beliefs of the Thai people. Don’t be afraid to wander (within reason) wherever your curiosity takes you. If you are actively searching for something, cultivating the â€Å"treasure hunt mind,† you may well find what you are searching for, or something equally interesting. Or your quest may bring additional questions about the initial â€Å"treasure† you were seeking. For example, if you go to the amulet market in search of a small statue of the Hindu deity Hanuman, you will certainly find many other intriguing deities along the way—all of whom demonstrate incorporation of the Hindu religious figures, and Mahayana Buddhism, in Thai Buddhism. Why is Ganesh so popular in Thailand? Or Kwan Yin (Yao Mae Kuan Im)? With whom are the various deities popular? In many ways, Fulbrighters can benefit from the outlook and skills that qualitative researchers develop; that of the participant observer. You are taking part in the culture that you are trying to understand. PORNTIP COMMENTS: Go out to meet people and you will find that Thai people generally welcome foreigners. Smile with them and show your interest in what they are doing, they will be even friendlier! Learning Thai ?Learn certain basic Thai phrases. Now! Your colleagues may well speak ex cellent English, but once you are out in the markets, you will need to speak some Thai. Plus, it’s fun. Develop a specific working vocabulary in Thai. Figure out what phrases you will need on a daily basis and ask a Thai friend to drill you on the pronunciation and tones until they are second nature. This vocabulary should include greetings, directions, numbers, and foods, among other things. ?Yes, clear pronunciation and tones are important. But they can be overemphasized. Speak with conviction. If you speak tentatively, your phrases will tend to go up at the end, like the inflection we use in English, which will confuse your Thai listener. Speak with your limited vocabulary with an air of confidence and the receiver will have a far better chance of understanding you. They will think that you know more than you actually do, but that’s O. K. You can learn to accept their over-the-top compliments gracefully. Also, your Thai need not be perfect to be understood. We have much to learn from the Thais as â€Å"reviewers† of our mispronunciations and tonal goof-ups, patience we could use in similar interactions at home. The Thais go way past half-way to try to figure out what you are trying to communicate. The fact that you are trying to speak their language is also a clear indication of your cross-cultural sincerity. Thais will often be impressed with your progress because they spend years studying English in school without a great deal of success. Acting things out helps, too. This also works on the cultural level of â€Å"sanuk†Ã¢â‚¬â€you are having fun (and the joke is sort of on you) trying to communicate a specific idea. And when you succeed, it is a cause for joint celebration! Learn these phrases right now:? Kaw bia song kuat (Please bring me two beers) Kaw cowpot moo jon nung (Please bring me a plate of fried rice with pork)? Kaw cowneo maamuang song jon (Please bring me two plates of mango with sticky rice) Some basic food to order: guy young (friend chicken) cowpat moo (fried rice with pork) tom ka guy (coconut soup with chicken) pat thai guy (fried noodles with bean sprouts and chicken) kwitdeo sen yai nua sot (beef noodle soup) kow naa bed (duck with sauce over ric e) ky jiow (Thai-style omelet) kao moo dang (pork with red sauce over rice) dom young gung (spicy shrimp soup). PORNTIP COMMENTS: One way to learn the Thai language could be through food as Thai people love to offer food. When observing that their foreign guests enjoy it, the Thais could feel even more comfortable to talk with them†¦ and naturally, urge the foreigners to have more food! ?Thais also enjoy listening to foreigners speaking Thai†¦. even just a few words because they think the Thai language is very difficult so they feel really impressed. Don’t feel embarrassed if you make mistakes and your Thai friends start laughing. They know the challenges you have to face with the tones. Their laughs simply mean your pronunciation is ‘narak’ (cute). Thai people have patience to listen and try to understand Americans when speaking Thai. American Fulbrighters being in Thailand will be more aware how difficult it is for Thais when they are in the US as quite a number of Americans may not have similar patience. Engaging Thais ?If you want to get below the surface with your Thai friends, engage them on their own terms; choose topics where they can teach you about aspects of Thai culture. Pursue whatever aspects of Thai culture, religion, history (spirit houses? The Sukhothai period? Some aspects of Buddhism like meditation? ). The point is that you will be in their cultural ballpark. They will appreciate your genuine interest, and this will give you an entree into the Thais’ enormous cultural generosity. They will help you meet interesting people, plan field trips, and so on. Just give them the chance. On one of my Fulbright assignments, I was teaching in Nakorn Prathom. I mentioned to a teacher that I would like to visit Praviharn—the controversial Cambodian wat located on the Thai-Cambodian border—on my last weekend with them. My Thai friend had never been there before, either. Despite the initial negative reactions from some of the other faculty (It’s too far—the trip will take too long; it’s too hot. . . ), she organized what was a memorable venture to the famous temple. It was a wonderful culminating event for my time with my Thai colleagues—many of whom wound up going and enjoying the trip despite their initial protestations. PORNTIP COMMENTS: ?Thai people are really hospitable so they could go out of their way to please you. Ask to see their reaction first and wait to see their next move. If they are quiet, it could mean they can’t accommodate your request. Inconsistencies in Thai Culture ?When you are operating in someone else’s culture, inconsistencies seem to abound. This is partly due to the fact that in our own culture, we are too close to things to see what â€Å"don’t make sense,† and our initial observations are relatively superficial in Thailand (you know the most during your first two weeks here; then it starts getting much more complicated), and that, at least in my view, there ARE things that don’t seem consistent here. But of course, that is true in all cultures. Take Thai Massage ?Thai culture in general steers around confrontations; in their view the key in human relations is harmony. The focus is on working things out without anger and keeping a cool heart† (Jai Yen) in all social situations. Thais are raised to make others feel welcome, relaxed, and â€Å"sanuk† (happy). In the West, of course, our funda mental goal is to make OURSELVES satisfied. Simply put, we are more individually oriented, the Thais more communally oriented. So you might think that when it came to massage, the Thais would offer massage that is soothing, relaxing, comforting. Ha! Thai massage aggressively confronts the muscles that are stiff or bunched up with elbows and knuckles and knees—boring in on them until they give up their tightness and relax. Sometimes it hurts. O. K. , often it hurts. Where is all this Thai non-confrontation, avoidance of pain and making the other guy feel good? It goes out the window, as far as I can tell. This feels more like American no pain-no gain to me. Of course, it works. But along the way, the attacks on muscle bundles and the stretches are not all that sanuk (fun, in this context). Of course, the pain is meted out with typical Thai humor and grace. Jep Mai? † (they ask with a chortle). â€Å"Jep Maack† (It hurts a lot) I respond, to more chortles. Yes, no pain no gain. ?The Case of Luang Paw Koon? In general, Thai Buddhist monks live a highly disciplined life. They must live by a total of 224 precepts, which provide strict behavioral rules. Like religious groups in all cultures, a few stray in terms of relationships with women and other sins and are tossed out of their temples. But for the most part scandals are rare and monks are respected for their discipline, dignity and wisdom.? Luang Paw Koon is one of the most popular monks in the country. You often see his picture in the northeast part of Thailand, and frequently in the taxis in Bangkok, many of whose drivers are from the northeast. ?What the pictures show is a smiling monk deliberately flaunting Buddhist conventions, puffing on a cheroot or overtly handling money. He is seated in a squatting position like a northeastern farmer, not cross-legged like a monk. He speaks in the common language of farmers, not in â€Å"proper† Thai.? Why is he so popular? Some Thais respect his rebellion, while still demonstrating the key Buddhist tenets of poverty, integrity, honesty and generosity. Funds given to him are known to go directly to the projects they are given for, most often schools and hospitals. No middlemen. No corruption. I think that is the message of the picture with Luang Paw Koon handling money—â€Å"Your donations are safe with me. I will get your donations to their proper destinations. † Consistency with the principals of a monk’s life? Yes and no. Unconventional? Absolutely. Effective in terms of charity work? This certainly seems to be the case. And a great case for bending the social rules to serve a higher cause. Maybe we all love rebels. PORNTIP COMMENTS:? Treat the inconsistencies as surprises and enjoy the learning experiences! Short Takes– ? Watch Thai TV Watch the soap operas, the variety shows, the shows on the monarchy. Ask lots of questions. Before you criticize, think about The Bachelor and Fox News and Two and a Half Men and other stellar representations of our own culture. Thai soap operas present cultural melodramas where actors confront each other and act in ways one would never see in polite Thai society with its emphasis on decorum and harmony. Is it just entertainment? Cultural wish fulfillment? Ask your friends. ?In general, when things don’t seem to make sense, ask. Find good friends who are absolutely â€Å"culturally-insult proof,† who know that your questions may be clumsy and politically incorrect but that your intentions—to understand things a bit better—are pure. These are the people to ask potentially sensitive questions about the â€Å"Red Shirts† and the â€Å"Yellow Shirts†, and about the monarchy. PORNTIP COMMENTS: ?Soap operas could better your Thai while helping you understand that many times, they don’t reflect the ‘real’ Thai culture. It could be misleading if viewers take it literally to think that Thai women always go after guys, love screaming and yelling plus slapping others’ faces. The way they dress to work is far from being professional either†¦.. as if they went to an evening party even. It may be good to understand that the Thais value ‘riab roi’ and being very proper (far too formal at times). Perhaps Thai soap is something Thais quietly think the society could loosen up a bit. Be discreet when discussing or asking questions about Monarchy as there are lese majeste charges which could be complicated for you to understand fully. The conflicts that seem to separate ‘yellow shirts’ and ‘red shirts’ are not easy to understand either. The suggestion to find a ‘culturally-insult proof’ friend sounds great to get to know more about the monarchy and political conflicts. Small Bits of Advice? Take a zillion showers and guzzle water by the gallon. Keep your body temperature down and your internal system happy. When you feel culture shock coming on, retreat. Take some down time. Listen to your iPod. Watch a favorite movie (it is undoubtedly pirated here). No one should try to tackle a foreign culture 24/7. You will burn out. It’s hot here. And humid. Incredibly humid. And you are constantly on stage. I can’t do one more impromptu speech, explaining who I am and why I am here. It can be exhausting. O. K. , it will be exhausting. Every moment you spend working on your Thai is a move in the right direction culturally. Even the process of learning Thai with your Thai friends has all kinds of cultural learning possibilities.? Take notes of your observations—not for Facebook or to Tweet about so much as for your own record of cultural discovery. You’ll be able to see how far you have come by the end of your Thai adventure.? Remember that part of your job as a Fulbrighter is to play the role of cultural ambassador, representing your country with integrity here and portraying Thailand with fairness and accuracy to your friends back home. ?Learn to bargain. Again, it’s not so much about the result, which is pretty much predetermined, as it is about your participation in the process, and HOW you participate (with a smile and acting out things—â€Å"Oh, man, you’re killing me here! †). Be a good sport Accept the Thais’ overwhelming generosity. They are happy to have you here. We are conditioned to be suspicious of others’ generosity, and it’s a tough assumption to get over.? Sometimes conversations are just exercises in enjoyable social banter, without a â€Å"punch line. † You talk about the weather, family, where you are going. . . just for the sake of the pleasant conversation. In our culture, we are used to seeking the â€Å"point. † ? Develop a short introduction in Thai that explains who you are and why you are here in Thailand. Saying that you are an â€Å"achjan† (a teacher/professor) explains a lot. This will be very helpful, so that people know who you are, how long you will be here, and so on. It puts everyone at ease. ?Never divide up the bill at the restaurant. The most senior person will â€Å"liang. † It’s the Thai cultural law. Hierarchies define the nature of power in relationships in Thailand; royalty over commoners, men over women (women cannot be ordained as monks in Thailand), and age over youth. By the way, the best way to reciprocate in terms of food is to buy candy or fruit to share with your Thai colleagues on your trips together. This is perfectly acceptable, and appreciated. Never assume that your English is being understood by your students. Slow down. Ask them lots of questions. Be patient; Thai students are used to lecture-style classrooms. Tell stories. Keep them with you (on topic). Try to relate your topics to Thailand, Thai applications of things, even if it is a stretch. Joke around a bit. Show that you can â€Å"take† a joke—tell one on yourself. Lighten up and the Thais will appreciate it and your communication will be far better. Over-serious classrooms are over-rated. Always share what you are eating. (That can’t be over-emphasized. Wherever you are living, establish your own little village; people you see and fuss over every day, like the noodle folks, the flower lady, the 7-11 folks, and your favorite night market vendors. The substance of the conversation is not the issue, it’s the attention. Simply remarking on the sweetness of the oranges (waan maach! ) or commenting on the heat (always safe) is fine. With jus t a bit of friendly banter it becomes â€Å"your neighborhood,† a little like Norm walking into â€Å"Cheers. † I have found these simple, smiling conversations are a source of â€Å"friendly energy† I can enjoy every day. Banter begets banter which makes you feel more at home. Get in shape! Many Thai temples are located on the top of hills. And just maintaining your energy levels in this heat takes some oomph. You don’t have to be a Buddhist to appreciate and learn from various aspects of this religion. Remember, the Buddha said that you should only apply the aspects of Buddhism to your life until after you have experimented with them and they seem to make sense to you personally. There is no pressure to believe in an overarching philosophy; just a big, broad display of spiritual and practical ideas to experiment with and learn from. Sort of like the experience of living in Thailand itself. PORNTIP COMMENTS:? Even though the more senior Thais will buy you meals almost every time, you may wish to offer to do it in return once in a while. It might not work but that generous offer will be appreciated. Buying some kanoms or some little gifts to give to the more senior and friends would be a nice gesture to show your thoughtfulness. Thai students love learning by listening so storytelling is the good way to attract their attention and it’s fun while keeping them focused and remember what they’ve heard. It could be difficult to have some deep discussions with quite a number of Thais but don’t lose hope. Sometimes, it’s just because of the language. Other times it could be because Thai people aren’t used to expressing their ideas extensively unless they feel very close to the persons. Having discussions with Thais regularly will also help Thais think and interact faster too. Enjoy learning about Buddhism in a practical way†¦.. by understanding ‘the middle path’, it helps you ponder upon ways to balance your life. Learning how to meditate would simply lead you to have some peaceful moments. How to cite Thailand Culture, Essay examples

Strategic Leadership Leadership Skills

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Leadership for Leadership Skills. Answer: Introduction: In the assignment, the writer puts an emphasis on the subject of power and influence. The managerial authority requires powerful candidates. Such candidates always want to remain at the helm of the corporate affairs. The diagnostic tools (as discussed below) are the phenomenal one that underscores the potentialities and the business acumen of the corporate level. Based on the three diagnostic tools, I have analysed my cognitive faculties in a broader sense. In the segment, I have used three diagnostic tools such as the Quinn Management questionnaire, the ESCI (Emotional Intelligence) and Situational Leadership Questionnaires. With the help of these diagnostic tools, I have assessed my capacities related to the activities from the past months. The diagnostic tools reflect on my practice and help me identify the indices from the past. Here, I have compared and contrasted the diagnostic tools used in the workshop. The diagnostic tools offer me a brilliant insight into my capacities and cognitive faculties (Montalescot et al., 2013). The Quinn Management Questionnaire shows that certain positive elements are conspicuous in me. It claims that I have a moderate level of leadership qualities and representation skills. The survey report says that I have to work on certain elements that entail positivity in every way. It can make a confident personality and help me hone the managerial skills. The Quinn questionnaire management helps me comprehend the profundity of my managerial knowledge and capacity (Daft Marcic, 2016). I have selected another diagnostic tool i.e. the ESCI (Emotional Intelligence) that help me assess my attitude towards management. The ESCI (Emotional Intelligence) is another diagnostic tool that addresses m capabilities and other skills. From the name, I can understand that the tool will help me comprehend the emotional capacity and my intelligence. Therefore, it forms an amalgamation of emotional and cerebral capacities. It claims that I have a moderate to excellent level of leadership qualities. The added advantage is it shows that I have a good perception and presentation skills. The diagnostic tool states that I can handle the work huddle and listen to my employees with full concentration. At the same time, I can strike a wonderful balance between monitoring the employees and executing the final deal. I do not possess sufficient communication skill for communicating the tasks with the subordinates. With the help of the ESCI (Emotional Intelligence) diagnostic tool, I can exhibi t my specific talents and clarify my orientation towads any particular task. The tool helps me understand my innate qualities and give me a cognizance of my strength and weakness (J. R, 2013). The Situational Leadership Questionnaire is another fundamental diagnostic tool that is helpful. It is highly indispensable for me, as its gives an overarching view of my capacities as a top official or manager in the corporate setting. Like other tools, it addresses the important features of the managers (Chernis Boyatzis, 2013). However, it anticipates that I have the mediator qualities in me. I can be a pacifier and a benevolent employer. I have some inherent generous attributes that I can use in this respect. Such attributes will tilt my approach towards employees. This quality brings out a positive thing in me. I can think about my employees welfare and their safety concerns. Therefore, this diagnostic tool gives me a comprehensive overview of my managerial abilities and functions (Gregoire Arendt, 2014). At the same time, it also develops the quality of faresightedness or visionary. It makes me understand that my workculture approach needs an overhaul. Therefore, the Situatio nal Leadership Questionnaire is the best of all (Smith et al., 2016). Using these diagnostic tools, I am going to reflect light on my experiences in a corporate setting. Earlier, I used to work with a corporate organization that deals in electronic gadgets. In that organization, I used to work as a senior official and represented the Research and Development wing. The organization was an US multinational entity and involves in the manufacture of electronic gadgets. The Research and Development wing of that organization involves the use of many activities and skills. The scientists and the engineers devote their energies to the making of some phenomenal products. These people of the Research and Development wing contribute to the society and culture. A very important role was devolved on my shoulder. In that company, I manifested the managerial section of the development chain. My responsibility was to guide the research assistants and intern scientists. Being a senior official of the organization, I had to execute many functions and supervise the research work of the assistants. However, the main challenge that I countenanced was tackling the work huddle every day. I had to make a blueprint of the future research development (Sanchez Nunez, 2015). At the same time, I inspected the flow of the work that was engineered by the researchers. At the managerial level, one has to deliver many crucial responsibilities. The task of supervision, execution of orders and maintenance of the work culture discipline are the significant features of any top official. These are some of the challenging facets of the organization. In the process, I had to monitor the function and the workflow of variegated employees. Sometime, it was difficult for me to handle the work pressure at the top level. Another important role was to listen to research inquiries and problems. At the same time, one of my prime responsibilities was to mediate between the employees and listen to their grievances. The research organization, as we know, needs disciplined and sincere employees. The researchers have to contribute to the development of the society and culture. My responsibility was to look into the matter in detail and inspect whether they are delivering quality research. In the process, I understood the graveness of the situation. I comprehended that I could not guide the research team in an effective way. At the same time, I could not strike a proper balance between the research leads and the production. My duty was to monitor the research deliverables and determine the power dynamic. In the organization, I was hailed as the supreme head of the Research and Development team. I was greatly responsible towards my research team and the organization simultaneously. However, I failed in my endeavour as I could not tackle my team and administer them properly. In the hindsight, I have come to the realization that my leadership and presentation skills need a complete overhaul. Literature Review: The leadership skill is an important organizational skill that must be possessed by an employee, if he intends to accomplish huge success in future. As a leader, an employee has to assume the role of a team leader, project leader or even a business leader, and hence the employee will be required to exercise his influence over a group of subordinates. Now, in such a situation, if the employee does not possess the skills of power and influence, he is likely to fail as a leader. A leader is required to exercise his power over the employees, showing them the proper direction of work, explaining them the tasks assigned, and influencing them to work harder. While speaking of power and influence, it is not expected that the leader will take undue advantage of his own power, and will terminate the service of an employee. The term power and influence refers to the leadership skill of an employee, that helps him guide and convince his subordinates, encouraging them to work harder for the completion of a project. There are different kinds of power that a leader is expected to use, such as the legitimate power, the coercive power or the reward power. A leader should not only possess the skills of power and influence, but he must necessarily have a clear comprehension of when to use which power skill. For example, if he assigns a complex job to the employees, he must use his reward skill, whereby he can incentivize the employees for offering him sufficient motivation. On the other hand, if the subordinates are unable to accomplish a task effectively, one has to use the coercive power, whereby threatening and punishing the employee, can help th e leader gain sufficient control over the team. The personal influential skills of the leader are of paramount importance, as it enables him to persuade the subordinates to undertake an activity. Leader has the power to motivate its subordinates thereby deriving maximum output from the subordinates.The subordinates must be encourages to work for a task, so as to accomplish the same in an effective way. However, if the subordinates are not being properly guided, encouraged and motivated to pursue the task, it is likely that they will lose their enthusiasm, and may not work with adequate commitment, for the fulfillment of the task. The leader must know how to dictate and command, without being autocratic. The leader should use his power to keep control over his team, and yet he should ensure that his behavior does not affect the employees in a negative way. A leader should be powerful, and his power lies in communicating to his employees, the nature of a task, the strategies to be adopted as well as the benefits of the employees fro m the accomplishment of the task. The concepts of power and influence are quite inter-related. Power is also defined as the potential of a leader to influence his subordinates. Power can be used in a positive way so that it re-enforces positivity in the suboridinates and motivate the employees to achieve the goal. As far as the leadership skill analysis is concerned, I have observed that I am unable to monitor and supervise the activities of the employees. Proper subversion helps in easier accomplishment of goal.Although, I assign the tasks in an effective way, I fail to ensure that the employees are performing the tasks properly. Consequently, it is only at the end, am I able to evaluate the performance of the employees and the status of the task. I am not confident enough to communicate with my subordinates, for the purpose of keeping myself regularly updated with the status of the tasks. I have learnt that I am required to improve my inter-personal communication skills, as it will help me to explain the task to my subordinates, as well as follow up with their course of activities (Hawkins, 2015). As a leader, I can effectively perform the role of a pacifier and I can easily convince my employees to work on a task, and yet because of the composure I possess, I fail to exercise sufficient command over my subordinates. Even if my persuasive skills are unquestionable, I need to develop my commanding skills. I require upgrading some important professional soft skills, such as my intrapersonal communication skills, interpersonal communication skills, reflective and commanding skills that can help me achieve greater success in my future professional life. Besides, by analyzing my professional skills with the help of the diagnostic tools, I also found out that I lack in my administrative skills as well. Any leader should learn the ways of leveraging his power. I should learn to command my subordinates to complete the tasks within the strict deadline, failing which I must employ the use of the coercive power (Schoemaker, Krupp, Howland, 2013). While I am always keen on ensuring that the leadership power is not typically misused by me, I should also ensure that I am capable of exercising authority over my subordinates. I need to develop and leverage power at different levels. For instance, I need to develop my power of charisma, so that my personality or merely my presence can help in influencing the subordinates working under my guidance. Although the diagnostic tools have clearly shown that I can successfully perform the role of a guide in an effective way, I need to develop my skills of exercising my authority over the subordinates. Conclusion: It has been understood from the above discussion that although I possess certain important leadership qualities, I still will be requiring the need of enhancing a few other skills. In order to be an effective leader in future, it is important to chalk out a action plan that can help me comprehend how I can successfully work on my weak areas of leadership skills and knowledge. First of all, the importance of communication is unquestionable in case of a leader, and yet I have discovered my incapability of communicating to my subordinates at regular intervals. However, I fail to influence and persuade my employees to accomplish the tasks, because of the lack of communication skills. Hence, accordingly I will participate in different seminars and workshops that help in developing and improving the communication style of the leader. Besides, I will also participate in various training programs, to upgrade my communication skills. Since I also need to develop my administrative leadership skill, I will also seek the assistance of different professional learning courses. By enrolling myself in the leadership skills developing programs, I will be able to create a vision, communicate the same to the respective subordinates, and accordingly influence them to accomplish the goals. I will definitely avail the professional guidance and assistance of different skill developing institutions, such as Association for Talent Development provide adequate resources that can help one imbibe the important leadership skills. Besides, I think that I should also consider seeking the assistance of different books, articles and journals that can also enlighten me about the ways I can develop my administrative skills. Besides, I will also avail the help of different workshops and conferences for this reason. Above all, I will myself also monitor my leadership skills, by taking feedback and response from my subordinates at regular intervals, about the nature of leadership skill I possess, and what are the areas which I need to work on. Reference List: Schoemaker, P. J., Krupp, S., Howland, S. (2013). Strategic leadership: The essential skills.Harvard business review,91(1), 131-134. Hawkins, J. E. (2015, November). Promoting Interprofessional Collaboration, Global Health Awareness and Leadership Skills through International Service-Learning. In43rd Biennial Convention (07 November-11 November 2015). STTI. Cherniss, C., Boyatzis, R. E. (2013). Using a multi-level theory of performance based on emotional intelligence to conceptualize and develop softleader skills.Leader Interpersonal and Influence skills: The Soft Skills of Leadership, 53-72. Daft, R., Marcic, D. (2016).Understanding management. Nelson Education. Gregoire, M. B., Arendt, S. W. (2014). Leadership: Reflections over the past 100 years.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics,114(5), S10-S19. Montalescot, G., Sechtem, U., Achenbach, S., Andreotti, F., Arden, C., Budaj, A., ... Ferreira, J. R. (2013). 2013 ESC guidelines on the management of stable coronary artery disease.European heart journal,34(38), 2949-3003. Snchez-Nez, M. T., Patti, J., Holzer, A. (2015). Effectiveness of a Leadership Development Program that Incorporates Social and Emotional Intelligence for Aspiring School Leaders.Journal of Educational Issues,1(1), 65-84. Smith, A. B., Jacoby, J. L., Pellosie, C., Carolyn Lamparella, L. P. C. (2016). A Study of Emotional Intelligence, Empathy and Burnout in Graduate and Post Graduate Medical Training at LVHN.

Primark E-Marketing Assignment- Part Essay Example

Primark E-Marketing: Assignment- Part Paper The aim of this report is to explore if Primarks current website is adding any value to their brand and why they have chosen to go online. Has Primark mirrored its offline success online? 1. Critiques of the Website In order to critically analyse the current website of the high street retail outlet, Primark, it must firstly be established what kind of website it actually is. Primarks website must be categorised into one of the three distinct styles created by Dann and Dann (2004). It may be: We will write a custom essay sample on Primark E-Marketing: Assignment- Part specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Primark E-Marketing: Assignment- Part specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Primark E-Marketing: Assignment- Part specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer 1. Information publishing (content provision/interactive brochure) 2. Transactional sites 3. Mass customisation Dann and Dann (2004) have described the information publishing site as: At web site at its most basic, where the content is the experience and the emphasis is on the provision of information. Primarks site is very simple and holds mainly information. Whereas, a transactional site consists of a category of sites, that exist for the purpose of exchange of some sort e.g. buying and selling. Primarkss site does have some transactional activities, the employment application form; however this is a very small amount of transactional activity. Mass customisation has been defined as A web site where the content and experience are tailored to the individual user based on their established user heritage and other information This is practically not existent as there is nothing that could appeal to the individual user as it holds mainly corporate information. Therefore it seems that Primarks website best fits the Information/content publishing style. To evaluate whether the site has effective design, three key areas can be looked into. (E-marketing, lecture 5, 4/11/05) 1. Effectiveness: * Can users complete their tasks correctly and completely? The site is simple and straightforward to use and fairly visually appealing as the whole site is neutral and plain. The clear toolbar across the top enables the user to find exactly what they are looking for allowing easy navigation. 2. Productivity efficiency: * Are tasks completed in an acceptable length of time? There is little transactional activity present although the employment application form seems to be straightforward and easy to use. Again as it is mainly an information site, there are little tasks to be completed and therefore nothing to slow the site down. 3. Satisfaction: * Are users satisfied with the interaction? This could be analysed by whether the user returns to the website and how far the user goes in. I personally wouldnt return to the site as there is no activities or interaction, this may be assumed the consumer may feel the same with no real reason to return. With no real benefits to gain from the site, a user may not feel very satisfied. 2. Assessment and analysis of Primarks current involvement in online activities By assessing Primarks online activities it should become clear whether it is beneficial for them to be online. This can be done by, firstly, establishing the type of design it is following- a market-led design or a user centred design. A market-led design would consist of tactics designed to engage the customer, encourage purchase, supply offers and incentives and add value to the brand. Whereas, a user-centred design (Bevan, 1999) would concentrate on knowing its audience well, and considering the following factors; * The users purpose for accessing the site? * Who are the important users? * How frequently do they visit the site? * What experience n expertise do they have? * What nationality are they? Can they read your language? With the little information on Primarks site it is difficult to pinpoint the design they may be following. However, it seems to be more market-led than user-centred as there is nothing actually on sale on the site (neither service nor product) to focus customer needs or acquisition on as it is just providing information. Primark has a brand image of providing value for money clothing as do its competitors Matalan. Therefore it would be worthwhile to see how their site compares. The Matalan site immediately comes across as a better quality site. It has a greater amount of information available, more transactional activities with the option to send an email from the site rather than being referred to outlook express. With the bright and colourful images and pages, it seems to be more a user-centred design as the images are targeting a younger audience. The information here shows that Primarks current site is not reaching its potential. It doesnt really seem worthwhile for them to be currently online as they are not brining in any more customers. Forrester research (1998) has shown two of the most important factors- high quality content and frequent updating along with ease of use and downloading speed to keep their customers returning. 3. Primarks current and potential audiences In order to maintain and gain customers, Primark must find out why users would want to visit their site, why they use the internet and what they use it for. This can be done by segmenting the market into the Demographics of online shoppers, Psychographics and Behavioural shoppers. (E-marketing, lecture 7, 18/11/05) The Demographics would consist of facts like age, gender, income, occupation etc. The demographics of the customers that may visit Primarks offline store would most likely be female; under 35s (Primark.co.uk) therefore the website designers must take this into consideration and target users similar to their existing offline customers. Women are currently 44% of users of the internet and ages between; 25-44, are the regular users (Mori Technology Tracker, 2002). This could be taken advantage of by Primark as their target audience already exists. The Psychographics are the social values and the views and opinions of consumers, as well as their activities and interests. Psychographic users can be segmented within this segment numerous times as directed buyers, bargain hunters or entertainment seekers (Lewis and Lewis, 1997) the list goes on. However it is vital to take psychographics into consideration as targeting these users can mean great rewards, for example, the adventurous learners (Coupey, 2005) may be swayed into purchasing a product is marketed to them correctly. The Behavioural aspects of the consumer consist of quantities and types of purchases. This segment can also be segmented within itself as simplifiers, surfers and bargainers (Strauss et al, 2006). If Primark were to target for example the simplifiers, this would be very beneficial as 50% of all online purchases are made b this group based on convenience, quick and quality service. (Strauss et al, 2006) However, it is not as straight forward as targeting the correct markets. There are a number of barriers restricting a user, including cultural issues, technological issues and legal and political issues. A big cultural issue is language although the internet is currently 35.8% in English. Many sites are beginning to provide a number of languages. All the factors must be considered by Primark in order to attract more customers. 4. A positioning statement for Primark (on and offline) Primark stands for; Providing fashion conscious under 35s fashionable quality merchandise at very competitive prices / value for moneyPrimark has established a well earned reputation for stylish, up to the minute looks at exceptionally affordable prices. (Primark.co.uk) From the information gained in previous sections of this report, two perception maps can be drawn based concentrating on transactional vs. content and sales vs. image. (Adapted from Dann and Dann, 1997) On the transaction vs. content map, Primark can be placed in both low content and low transactional sections, as this report finds there is little to the site other than company information therefore it has been placed slightly higher on the content side rather than transactional. On the sales vs. image map, the positioning can be argued to be both low sales and low image by looking at its competitors. In order to be highly sales orientated, there must be a product/service available for the customer to purchase, yet Primark does not have this. Its competitors on the other hand are highly focused on image as it has concentrated on its brand image, displaying its awards and achievements on the home page and with images of young bright people displaying its collections. Therefore, Primark has been positioned low in both sales and image. Primarks offline success is far greater than the successes of its web site, employing over 11,800 people in over 120 stores (Primark.co.uk). If its loyal customers and brand image could be transferred over to the web pages, the site would be far more successful. Conclusion To conclude, this report has found that Primark is not making full use of its potential being online. Research has found that 35% of people currently use the internet for shopping (EIAA, 2004) and Primark should take full advantage of this. Their current web site is not adding any value to the brand nor is it taking advantage of the target markets which are already in place.

Small Group Instruction Reduces Student-Teacher Ratios

Small Group Instruction Reduces Student-Teacher Ratios Small group instruction usually follows whole group instruction and provides students with a reduced student-teacher ratio, typically in groups of two to four students. Whole group instruction is a teaching method where the teacher provides direct instruction to the whole group- usually a class. By contrast, small group instruction allows teachers to work more closely with each student on a specific learning objective, reinforce skills learned in whole group instruction and check for student understanding. Small group instruction gives students more of the teachers focused attention and a chance to ask specific questions about what they learned. Teachers can use small group instruction to intervene with struggling students as well. The Value of Small Group Instruction In part because of the increased popularity of programs such as Response to Intervention, a strategy for early identification and support for students with learning and behavior needs, small group instruction is now commonplace in most schools. Teachers see the value in this approach. Student-teacher ratios have always been a factor in school improvement conversations. Adding small group instruction on a regular basis can be a way to improve that student-teacher ratio. Small group instruction gives teachers a natural opportunity to provide targeted, differentiated instruction for small groups of students. It gives the teacher an opportunity to evaluate and assess more closely what each student can do and build strategic plans around those assessments. Students who struggle to ask questions and participate in a whole group setting may thrive in a small group where they feel more comfortable and less overwhelmed. Furthermore, small group instruction tends to proceed at a fast pace, which typically helps students maintain focus.​ Small group instruction can occur in groups of students with similar academic needs or in cooperative groups of students with diverse abilities, putting higher achieving students in the role of ​a  peer mentor. Small group instruction encourages student involvement in lessons and can help them learn how to work well with others. The Challenge of Small Group Instruction Small group instruction makes it more challenging to manage the other students in a classroom. In a class of 20 to 30 students, you may have five to six small groups to work with during small group instruction time. The other groups must work  on something while they wait their turn. Teach students to work independently during this time. You can keep them occupied with engaging center activities designed to reinforce skills taught during whole group instruction that do not require further instruction and free you to focus on one specific small group.   Take the time to establish a routine for small group instruction time. Students need to know what you expect of them during this class period. Making small group instruction work may not always be an easy task, but with commitment and consistency, you can make it effective. The preparation time and effort become worth it when you see the powerful opportunities it provides, paying big dividends for your students. Ultimately, a high-quality small group instruction experience can make a significant academic difference for all of your students, regardless of their level of achievement.

Brain Mechanisms Controlling Drug Addiction Reinforcement

Brain Mechanisms Controlling Drug Addiction Reinforcement Discuss how theories relate drug addiction to endogenous brain mechanisms controlling reinforcement, and look at how these theories may be used to improve the effectiveness of treatment of addiction In psycho-biological terms addiction is regarded as the perceived need for a drug or substance and the potential for the subsequent re-use of that substance often manifesting itself in a pattern of drug induced behaviour. This has indicated a connection between the behavioural pattern of a user and the biological cravings that are associated with this pattern of behaviour. Due to this relationship between dependent and abusive behaviour patterns and the biological and psychological cravings for the wanted substances, research has gone into establishing the effects of drug addiction and their basis in psychology resulting in many neurobiological models. In terms of patterns of behaviour, operant conditioning provides a convenient, easy and reliable way of adjusting any subject’s pa ttern of behaviour under the conditioning of a controlled and changeable environmental. This has been conducted in research in an easily observable manner that was then able to account for factors pertaining to addiction and the potential for abuse through accordance to a pre-devised model. Through the notions of positive regard, response and reward and through shaping behaviours this could then be adjusted to test any independent variable. This acts as a convenient methodology for observing the effects of drugs and was devised by early Psychopharmacological researchers in a bid to examine the relationship between drug use and behaviour patterns. One such piece of seminal research that incorporated this relationship was conducted by Dews (1953). In his founding study, Dew began a program of operant studies in an attempt to observe the behavioural effects of drugs to see how it could act as a precursor for addiction. His initial experiments on the behavioural patterns observed in ani mals led to the establishment that a schedule of reinforcement maintaining a pattern of behaviour could play a critical role in determining the effects of a drug (Dews, 1955). Through operant conditioning and behavioural observation he was able to discern that the dose-effects of the drugs used in his experiment varied in terms of performances that were maintained under two different schedules of reinforcement. However, he was also able to observe that there was a dose range in which the rate of behaviour would increase in one schedule condition, whilst it decreased in the other condition. This was an early indication that drug addiction depended upon the schedule as much as it did the dosage. Essentially, addiction was determined by patterns of behaviour as much as patterns of behaviour were determined by drug usage. In these early experiments, Dews was able to ascertain that stimulants would increase the probability of a pattern of behaviour as it pertained to the relevant classif ication of a drug. However, he was also able to note that the drug could decrease the probability of any given pattern of behaviour itself. This research indicated that there was a variety of concepts at play within the role of addiction, such as tolerance, abuse, dependency and reward. In contemporary research, we can see that these factors have been incorporated in an attempt to identify the mechanisms in the brain that lead to dependency, abuse and addiction through the parsing of reward. This was devised by Berridge et al (2003) as the investigation to find the neuro-pharmacological basis for three main psychological components essential to the parsing of reward and onset of addiction. These were the concepts of learning that included the explicit and implicit knowledge produced by associative conditioning and cognitive processes, an affect or emotion such as implicit ‘liking’ and conscious pleasure associated with the experience of the drug, and motivation; suggest ed as the implicit incentive salient ‘wanting’ and the accompanying cognitive incentive goals. Essentially, this three way split revealed that learning (Dews schedules of reinforcement), craving (the perceived effect of the drug) and habit (Dews patterns of behaviour) were the major contributing and operating factors in the role of addiction.

IT and Business Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

IT and Business - Research Paper Example Networking especially using the web and the internet cannot be sidelined in the banking sector. A computerized control system controls the activities of the bank. The term deposit department can check with the operations department, when the deposits of the customers goes up in order to guide them to put their money into term deposits to generate more interest on their money. The marketing and the operations department can be connected through the IT system as the marketing department can search for new customers and can ask the operations department to settle them accordingly. The credit department, through the IT technology, keeps in touch with the operations system before extending credit facilities to any customer. Thus information technology systems help all the four departments to work together. â€Å"Firms with high IT capability tend to outperform a control sample of firms on a variety of profit and cost-based performance measures† (Bharadwaj 169). 3. List the four pri mary reasons for the growth of decision-making information Systems Ans) The growth of decision making systems is high in banks. ... The decision making systems are very helpful in generating intelligence data, which is required for the managers in order to overcome competition in the industry. Generates decision model – The use of decision making information systems enhances the appropriate decision making in banks. The use of decision making systems guides the management in making intelligent decisions for the bank. Problem solver– The use of decision making information system acts as a great problem solver in the banks. The decision making information system is helpful in generating solutions for the problems faced by the management. A strong database – The decision making information systems acts as a strong database in which information can be viewed at a very short notice. The decision making systems helps banks in providing better services to customers and increases their market among customers. 4. Regardless of the scale and scope of your e-business Web site, what are the basic steps i n the website development process? Ans) A website is a part of the bank’s system. A website development process involves a number of steps. Before starting the website development process, a careful analysis of the organization’s requirements is need to be done. The main criterion in the website development process is how the establishment of the website will generate business for the firm. It should be analyzed what is the firm’s requirement. For example does the firm use the website to market its products or does it use it to maintain its resources or does it maintain the website in order to display its human resources online. Then the second step is building according to the specifications, such as the general layout, the site

Explain in detail how a risk manager can make optimal use of insurance Essay

Explain in detail how a risk manager can make optimal use of insurance as part of an overall risk management strategy - Essay Example A considerable number of companies have lost equipment, buildings, and materials to natural disasters. In addition, many companies have lost human resources, as well as revenues as they could no longer manufacture goods and services. The four leading strategies for risk management include risk financing, loss reduction, loss prevention, and risk avoidance (Iverson 2013, p. 2). Even though some businesses can assume, reduce, or even avoid certain risks, few business organizations can fully protect themselves without purchasing insurance. Overall, a risk manager can effectively make use of insurance as part of a general risk management strategy to ensure sustainability and profitability of the business. Most companies greatly benefit from taking their risks into consideration when they are performing extremely well, as well as when markets are rapidly growing. Accordingly, the companies can sustain growth and profitability (Andersen 2010, p. 1). A risk manager plays a vital role in predicting and enacting measures that would help prevent or control losses within the company. The process of risk management involves identifying various exposures to potential losses, measuring the exposures, and making an informed decision about the most suitable approach to protect the company from losses or harm, considering the nature of the risks and the goals and resources of the company (Andersen 2010, p. 1). Some risks are more important than others. Therefore, the risk manager must determine the importance as well as ability of each risk while identifying and evaluating exposures. The goals and resources of a company are vital to selecting the best method for preventing or controlling risks. However, the risk manager must monitor the method already selected and implemented to ensure that it generates or produce the projected outcomes. In general, company risks fall under five broad categories

Learning Team Assignment Hardware and Software Essay Example for Free

Learning Team Assignment Hardware and Software Essay This pack of NTC 362 Week 4 Learning Team Assignment Hardware and Software Paper comprises: Time Division Multiple Access, Frequency Division, Multiple Access, and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Computer Science General Computer Science Write a 3- to 5-page paper comparing the advantages of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, as used in wireless mobile communications. Define the technical details of each access method, then compare their strengths and weaknesses in system use. Address the following: Explain radio frequency (RF) transmission characteristics. Identify common frequency bands used in current RF communications. Analyze the necessity for different protocols in wireless communications. Compare the challenges of using satellites in end-to-end communications links. There are a lot of things you can do to prepare for college, but it will still hold many surprises for you! This article will offer you some sound advice on how to get through classes, campus life and all the other obstacles that you will encounter in your efforts to reach graduation. This pack of NTC 362 Week 4 Learning Team Assignment Hardware and Software Paper comprises: Time Division Multiple Access, Frequency Division, Multiple Access, and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Computer Science General Computer Science Write a 3- to 5-page paper comparing the advantages of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Code  Division Multiple Access (CDMA), and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, as used in wireless mobile communications. Define the technical details of each access method, then compare their strengths and weaknesses in system use. For downloading more tutorials visit https://bitly.com/12BtkCD There are a lot of things you can do to prepare for college, but it will still hold many surprises for you! This article will offer you some sound advice on how to get through classes, campus life and all the other obstacles that you will encounter in your efforts to reach graduation. Computer Science General Computer Science Write a 3- to 5-page paper comparing the advantages of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, as used in wireless mobile communications. Define the technical details of each access method, then compare their strengths and weaknesses in system use. Address the following: Explain radio frequency (RF) transmission characteristics. Identify common frequency bands used in current RF communications.

Platos Meno Essay -- essays research papers

Plato Meno   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Plato’s dialogue Socrates discusses ways in which virtue can be acquired with Meno. Three possibilities are confronted, first that virtue is innate within the human soul. The second suggests that virtue can be taught, and the third possibility is that virtue is a gift from the gods. These ways are debated by Socrates and Meno to a very broad conclusion.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Socrates poses the question that virtue may be innate within the human soul. This is to say that all people would have virtue within them, but it is only those who find it that can truly become virtuous. To prove the concept of innate understanding to Meno, Socrates, acquires the help of one of Meno’s slave boys to demonstrate. Socrates establishes that the boy has never been taught mathematical geometry and starts bombarding him with a series of questions on the physical properties of a square. First he asks the boy to multiply the square by two, and he succeeds. However, the boy fails when asked to divide the same square into two parts half the original size. By asking the boy a series of questions yet, never actually telling him the answers Socrates helps the slave to â€Å"recollect† the knowledge that is within him. Meno is of course astonished with this feat that Socrates maintains is simply a matter of recollection.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This example given by Socrates, though obviously persuasive to Meno is somewhat unstable. It can be shown that Socrates manipulated the boy into recollecting the information by offering suggestive material within his questions. For example, if a person did not know the sum of the equation two plus two one could ask: if a person had two apples and someone else gave them two more would the person then not have four apples in total? A question was asked yet the information on how to perform the operation was directly given in the statement. Thus it can be reasoned that Socrates in a sense did teach the boy how to divide the square.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Following this demonstration Socrates poses a second idea that virtue may be taught. He begins by looking for teachers of virtue and comes up with four examples. The first is Themistocles who is agreed to be virtuous by the debaters and obviously a good teacher of his virtue. However the debaters also agre... ...finite preference to any of the possibilities that have been stated.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Now the question is would Socrates have maintained that ignorance is bliss based on his views of the possible ways of acquiring virtue? I would conclude that he would not see ignorance as bliss because Socrates believes that the truth is far greater than the unknowing. Throughout the dialogue Socrates and Meno journey to put aside their ignorance to come to the truth on how virtue is acquired and possibly more importantly what virtue is. Even though the path to truth has proved painful in that the two are more perplexed on the topic at the end of the dialogue then at the beginning Socrates would have seen this as the first step to achieving the truth. This of course is better than not achieving that step at all.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Socrates is ultimately concerned in finding the whole truth and would have defiantly preferred knowing some of the truth rather than being ignorant to it. Even though Socrates knew that the journey to reach the truth may be painful, ignorance would be far worse than a painful truth. Ultimately he knew that the way must be tried!

Difference between mass marketing and direct marketing

Direct Marketing is the practice of delivering promotional messages directly to potential customers on an individual basis as opposed to through a mass medium while mass marketing is a simultaneous standardized marketing to a very large target market through mass media. Mass marketing and direct marketing have been operating in the wave of consumer market that is promising to make some transformation while the two waves till precedes it as from world war two to date.It was in the 1970s and 1980s that the consumer marketing power shifted to mass retailing because of large deployment of the Universal Product Code (UPC) and the so-called electronic scanner technologies, which put the consumer marketing in the hands of the retail trade. Here is where the importance of using both direct and mass marketing strategies starts. The ability of mass marketing is to get the message to all people through advertising; this has remained and as well remains to be a very useful and cost effective mar keting strategy.However, the current business situation is taking hold of the new world trend by spear-heading the power of direct marketing as one of the unique capability. This has occurred for those aiming at mass marketing to form a very powerful and new marketing force that can clearly call direct marketing or mass marketing which is the best way of reaching the market currently. In direct marketing marketer think of the applying their strategy in the new era of individualized marketing. Direct marketing consist of direct connection with carefully targeted individual consumers to both obtain an immediate response and cultivate lasting customer relation. †(Kotler and Armstrong, Principle of Marketing, 2001). This can always accomplished by making an offer or inviting then by one of the most appropriate communication means such as mail, phone, fax, computer, and email.In conclusion, direct marketing and mass marketing both represents a total entity, and this is the new comp onent in the marketing mix that can successfully win the intended market. The two strategies combines contact, involvement, activation and cultivation in a seamless continuum and had a big impact in the current competitive world business.

“Go Home!” Orbit the thrills of Baseball

Baseball – one of the most enticing games aired on television or even watched on an arena (Thomas & Hall, 2004). What could have been the thrills and the grills being offered by such game that it has continuously captured the hearts and the beats of those who have the â€Å"it† on sports? What makes it distinctive from other sport? Why not chose indoor games for efficient viewing and playing? Why do players risk their lives over the sturdiness of the bat and that round piece of hard material? Which is most likely to give them scars and hit them in the most fragile part?And most of all – what’s with going â€Å"home†, that all seem to fasten their seatbelt for every player which takes the run for that square realm (Young, 2007)? The answer is sought between the lines of the art and the adventure of the game mixed with a feeling of hysteria taking the audience to a whole new dimension called ‘adrenalin rush’. Why do we love baseball? It i s quite rigid to put into words the perfect and precise definition of a certain sport which caters almost the entirety of a fan.An individual’s fondness of such sport is considerably taken to be like an addiction which tends to make one forget the atmosphere a person is on to given the fact that according to psychological explanations, an individual’s enthusiasm for a certain material, event or person, creates a stable visual image which apt to trigger the person’s cognitive side making one’s self have the feeling of attachment to the one being idolized (Formosa & Hamburger, 2006).Being a player, and being a member Branch Rickey, a baseball almanac feature icon (Young, 2007), once stated a conducive line with regards to baseball stating that it is only in the field of baseball sphere that a player is able to fulfill its essence of individualism at the initial part, and a team player after playing across the line of the rules as well as with the gameâ€⠄¢s spirit.Further, baseball analysts found the game the sole representation of the simplicity of sports, and that is for a player to only follow the rules. Unlike all the other complicated sport which has been established, baseball is the only sport by which argumentative perspectives are not given credit onto, for the reason that the life of the game lie on the ‘calls’ of the umpire and the guidelines of such (Formosa & Hamburger, 2006).Baseball tools as armors in the game There are four basic tools considered in the game that would be the component of the bat, ball, mitt and the field which requires every player for the familiarity of each item. Considered as an offensive tool, the bat, which is usually made of aluminum or of wood, actually dependent on the certain game, is characterized as a stick particularly with a diameter of 2 inches exception of its handle ranging about 1 inch in length.The ‘runner’s fear’ when inside the field, the ball, us ually in a size like of that of an average man’s fist conceivably colored in white with red stitches (Formosa & Hamburger, 2006). Furthermore, the glove, which is described in modern idiom as that of a baker’s, deemed as a defensive tool which is ended through leather intended for the â€Å"fielders† to catch the ball and â€Å"hit† on home-running opponents. And finally, the filed, the immortal â€Å"diamond† catering four â€Å"bases† or â€Å"plates†, guarded and sought by players.The considered â€Å"guards† of each ‘diamond’ inside the ‘diamond’ are called â€Å"infielders† while those outside the boundaries of the diamond are called â€Å"outfielders† (Thomas & Hall, 2004). Must-know as a player This adrenalin-rushing roller coaster ride game is played by two teams, taking turns as the â€Å"offensive† and â€Å"defensive† party. Each team are to aim for â€Å"runsâ⠂¬ , with 9 or 10 players shifting turns, as they strive to complete counter-clockwise tour in the four bases (Young, 2007).But one must take note of the risk in the mentioned tour, it does not only require one â€Å"mere walking†, there will be â€Å"opponents† whose only goal is to catch the ball â€Å"hit† by the â€Å"batter† and hit it on bases, or either pass on the the â€Å"pitcher†, defined as the â€Å"king of the defensive team†, for the reason that, he must see to it that the ball is aimed to their team’s â€Å"catcher† situated behind the opponent’s â€Å"batter† so as to call for a â€Å"strike†. The dreadful â€Å"strike†, takes a â€Å"batter† get a chance to get a gist for a homerun and thus after 3 â€Å"strikes† shall be considered â€Å"OUT† and won’t be able to make that tour in the diamond.Like all the other sport, there are also certain techniques l aid on the table so as to prevent from getting â€Å"strikes† or getting â€Å"it† by â€Å"fielders†. Modus operandi on baseball A popular technique for offensive players, specifically the batter, is to trick the pitcher from where the bat is lined to, so as to get a full blast of the hit. For fielders, waiting for a run however, since that they are given the chance to leave the â€Å"base† if the ball is released, may trick the opponent to make-believe that they are about to run, thus confuse the fielders on which base to are to settle (Staff, 2005).Regardless of how complicated the web of techniques baseball has to offer, a player only needs to remember one thing, and that is to go for a homerun without getting caught in between. On the contrary, the defensive team, being on the crucial side of the â€Å"inning† may as well send implicit collaborated messages, through the pitcher and the fielders, most especially the catcher, so as to hit the ba ll to the â€Å"active† opponent positioned on the plates. Don’t let the batter go for a tourFive common ways to out an offensive player are as follows: strike-out (3 strikes, so the batter won’t be a runner), ground-out (batter hits the ball, but pitcher gets the ball right after it is hit), force-out (when a runner tries to steal an advance run to the next base and the fielder catches the ball before the runner steps on the plate), fly-out (a fielder catches the ball after it had been hit) and tag-out (fielder touches a runner with a held ball).There are various methods in order to click on the game and win it all actually depends on each player’s wit in playing and team-spirit without selfish credence (Cramer & Stout, 2004; Young, 2007). Conclusion The only effective and practical secret on to winning the game is through following the rules and loving the game.Individual skills are indeed important to reach the height of success, but what takes much in the spirit of the match is not on what one will gain over one’s effort, sometimes, the most important part of it isn’t the victory garnered in fame or in price, but the experience and the moment shared with all the other members who fulfilled the joy of the team (Young, 2007), and most persistently, it’s completing baseball fanatics’ dream of taking an exhilarating fun ride watching their stars making homeruns.So, fasten your seatbelts, prepare your yells, it’s all you need to stay alive while experiencing the thrill of a baseball game. References: Cramer, R. B. , & Stout, G. (2004). The Best American Sports Writing 2004 (Reprint ed. ). New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. Formosa, D. , & Hamburger, P. (2006). Baseball Field Guide: An In-Depth Illustrated Guide to the Complete Rules of Baseball. New York: Thunder's Mouth PressStaff, S. P. I. (2005). The unwritten rules of sports — in writing (Publication. Retrieved July 11, 2007, from seattl epi. com: http://seattlepi. nwsource. com/othersports/207552_unwrittenrules12. html Thomas, K. , & Hall, G. (2004). How Baseball Works. Toronto CA: Maple Tree Press. Young, G. (2007). Baseball Almanac (Publication. Retrieved July 11, 2007, from Hosting 4 Less: http://www. baseball-almanac. com/index. shtml

100 Ways to Say I Love You in Italian

100 Ways to Say 'I Love You' in Italian Whether its an operatic aria, a love poem, or whispered sweet nothings, many think the phrase I love you is best said in Italian. There are many ways to express your true feelings in this ancient language. Some are simple and straightforward, others poetic and passionate. Either way, this list of 100 ways to say I love you in Italian is sure to help you find the right words. Say I Love You in Italian Ti amo: I love youTi voglio bene: I love you a lotTi voglio molto bene: I love you very muchMi piaci molto: I really like youTi adoro: I adore youTi ammiro: I admire youSei importante per me: You are important to meSei tutto per me: You are everything to meSono innamorato / innamorata di te: Im in love with youHo bisogno di te: I need youTi voglio: I love youTi desidero: I want youMi sento attratto / attratta da te: Im attracted  to youMi sono infatuato di te: Im infatuated with youHo un debole per te: Im weak for youSignifichi tutto per me: You mean everything to meMi sono affezionato / affezionata a te: Im fond of youSposami: Marry meVoglio essere sempre con te: I always want to be with youSenza di te non posso pià ¹ vivere: I cant live without youTi voglio baciare: I want to kiss youSono tuo / tua:  Im yoursSei la mia anima gemella: You’re my soul mateSenza di te non sono niente: Without you, I am nothingSei luomo / la donna dei miei sogni: Youre the man/woman of my dr eamsSei luomo / la donna della mia vita: Youre the man/woman of my life Per te farei di tutto: Id do anything for youSono pazzo / pazza di te: Im crazy about youSono abbagliato da te: Im dazzled by youSei il grande amore della mia vita: Youre the love of my lifeSenza di te la vita non ha pià ¹ senso: Without you, life has no meaningIl mio cuore à ¨ solo tuo / tua: My heart is yoursHai conquistato il mio cuore: Youve won my heartGiorno e notte sogno solo te: Day and night, I dream only of youMi hai incantato / incantata: Youve charmed/enchanted meSei il sole della mia vita: Youre the sunshine of my lifeSei tutto cià ² che voglio: Youre everything I wantTi voglio un mondo di bene: I want a world of good for youCon te voglio invecchiare: I want to grow old with youTi voglio sempre avere al mio fianco: I always want you by my sideSenza di te la vita à ¨ un inferno: Without you, life is hellDa quando ti conosco la mia vita à ¨ un paradiso: Since I met you, my life is  paradiseResta sempre con me: Stay with me alwaysMi hai stregato / stregata: Youve bew itched mePotrei guardarti tutto il giorno: I could watch you all day Solo tu mi capisci: Only you understand meSono ubriaco / ubriaca di te: Im drunk with youNei tuoi occhi cà ¨ il cielo: Heaven is in your eyesSe non ci fossi dovrei inventarti: If you werent (real), Id invent youTu sei un dono del cielo: Youre a gift from HeavenVoglio passare tutta la mia vita con te: I want to spend my entire life with youIl nostro amore à ¨ la cosa pià ¹ importante nella mia vita: Our love is the most important thing in my lifeQuando chiudo gli occhi vedo solo te: When I close my eyes. I see only youEntra nella mia vita: Come into my lifeLa tua bocca mi fa impazzire: Your mouth drives me crazyVorrei annegare nei tuoi occhi: I want to drown in your eyesTu sei la mia vita: Youre my lifeNessuno / nessuna à ¨ come te: No one is like youSei il mio tesoro: Youre my treasureArdo di amore per te: I burn with love for youTi ho chiuso nel mio cuore: Ive closed you in my heartIl mio cuore dipende da te: My heart depends on youHo preso una sbandata per te: I have a crush on youSono tutto tuo / tua: Im all yours Ti penso sempre: I always think of youMi manchi: I miss youCome sei bella: How beautiful you areVoglio vederti stasera: I want to see you tonightTu sei una stella...la mia stella: You are a star...my starCara mia, ti voglio bene: My darling, I love youMi hai fatto perdere la testa: You made me lose my mindBrucio per te: Im on fire for youTi ho regalato il mio cuore: I gave you my heartIl mio cuore batte solo per te: My heart beats only for youSei irresistibile: Youre irresistibleSei la mia Venere: Youre my VenusMi hai rubato il cuore: Youve stolen my heartSolo con te riesco ad essere felice: Only with you can I be happyMi hai conquistato / conquistata: Youve won meI miei sensi sono pieni di te: My senses are filled with youVoglio che tu sia solo mio / mia: I want you to be only mineDai un nuovo senso alla mia vita: You give new meaning to my lifeSei un gioello: Youre a jewelPer te faccio di tutto: Id do anything for youGiorno e notte penso solo a te: Day and night, I only think about you Mi accompagni ovunque io vada: Youre with me wherever I goSei la cosa pià ¹ cara che ho: Youre the dearest thing I haveSei tutto cià ² che desidero: Youre everything I wantMi fai sognare: You make me dreamEcciti i miei sensi: You excite my sensesSenza di te sono solo met: Without you, Im only halfSei il mio angelo: Youre my angelCon te dimentico il tempo: With you, I forget timeNon ho occhi che per te: I only have eyes for youSei il mio pensiero preferito: Youre my favorite thoughtSento qualcosa di forte per te: I have strong feelings for youNon voglio perderti: I dont want to lose youLa tua bellezza mi toglie il fiato: Your beauty takes my breath awayPotrei fissare i tuoi bellissimi occhi in eterno: I can gaze into your beautiful eyes foreverPer favore, ricordati di me: Please remember/think of me

Risk & Uncertainty - Microeconomics 3rd Year Essay

Risk & Uncertainty - Microeconomics 3rd Year - Essay Example The expected utility function has some very convenient properties of analysing choice under uncertainty. Since to insure or not to insure is a choice we can apply it to an insurance problem. Indifference curves is used to measure utility or level of satisfaction as will be seen later. An individual’s certainty equivalent (CE) of a lottery is the amount of money that the individual is willing to pay to avoid the risk of the lottery i.e. to get the expected value (EV) instead of the lottery. For a risk averse individual CE 0 for all lottery. In the real world insurance is not actuarially fair. In the previous example it was assumed that the insurance did not charge anything to cover operating expenses or to allow for profit. In the cases that follow a loading factor is added to cover operating expenses and thus makes insurance actuarially unfair. This implies that ∠ > EV of the insurance benefit. The options available to the individual is a lower line with slope = p1/p2. At the initial point E is larger and therefore the line is lower. An indifference curve through the original point yields the diagram above (right). In diagram above (right) E (fixed loading) is larger this implies x = 0 with fixed loading and the optimal choice is no insurance in this case as the indifference curve lies above the actuarial line which is suggestive that it does provide the level of utility required by the individual. It is optimal for the consumer to choose F where w – (1 + m)px = w – L + x – px –mpx which implies x = 1 (representative of full insurance). A fair line F implies that an indifference curve is tangent to the line at F. see diagram (left)

Innovation Essay and Reflective Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Innovation and Reflective Report - Essay Example The management of creativity is highly problematic. As may be inferred from Trott (2005), among others, the concepts of management and creativity appears to be antithetical with the notion of managing creativity' emerging as something of a paradox. Expounding upon this, Burns and Stalker (1961) emphasise that creativity is fundamentally founded upon freedom while management is premised upon control with the implication being that the management of innovation/creativity is synonymous with the control of freedom. Even while conceding to the somewhat oxymoronic character of the stated, the fact remains that within the organisational setting creativity has to be directed and managed in order to avoid its descent into purposelessness. Management is fundamental to the direction, as opposed to control, of creativity. Generic definitions of creativity, as proposed by Drazin et al. (1999:287) maintain it "as the process of engagement in creative acts, regardless of whether the resultant outcomes are novel, useful, or creative." This definition, even though it is a valid and legitimate descriptor of creativity, is indicative of a form of creativity and innovation which organisations strive to avoid. Within the organisational context, and as may be inferred from several researchers, creativity must be novel, useful and innovative (Singer and Adkins, 1984; Amabile, 1996; Drazin et al., 1999; Kennedy, 2001). Accordingly, the management of creativity